Cantor Set - Classical fractal constructed by iteratively removing the middle third of a line segment.
Koch Curve - Continuous, nowhere-differentiable fractal curve built by recursively replacing each line segment with a four-segment 'bump'.
Menger Sponge - Three-dimensional generalization of the Cantor set and Sierpinski carpet obtained by iterative subdivision and removal of central cubes.
Sierpinski Triangle - Self-similar fractal formed by recursively removing the central triangle from an equilateral triangle.